Active and Passive Voice

Kalimat Aktif

Dalam kalimat aktif, Sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan sesuatu yang menerima tindakan adalah objek. Kebanyakan kalimat dalam bahasa inggris merupakan kalimat aktif.

[Subject/Sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan] + [Verb/kata kerja] + [Object/Sesuatu yang menerima tindakan]

contoh:

• The teacher(Subject) teachs(Verb) the students(Object)

Kalimat Pasif

Dalam kalimat pasif, sesuatu yang menerima tindakan adalah subjek kalimat dan sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan(bersifat opsional, dapat ditulis atau tidak) ditulis dekat dengan akhir kalimat. Kita dapat menggunakan bentuk pasif jika kita berpikir bahwa sesuatu yang menerima tindakan merukanan hal yang lebih penting atau harus ditekankan kepada pendengar.  kita juga dapat menggunakan bentuk pasif jika  kita tidak tahu siapa yang melakukan tindakan atau jika  kita tidak ingin menyebutkan siapa yang melakukan tindakan.

[Sesuatu yang menerima tindakan] + [be] + [past participle(verb 3) dari kata kerja] + [by] + [sesuatu yang melakukan tindakan]

contoh:

• The students(Subject) are(be) taught(verb3) by the teacher.

Contoh kalimat aktif dan pasif dalam semua bentuk tenses

	Active	Passive
Simple Present	Twice a month, Tony cleans the room.	Twice a month, the room is cleaned by Tony.
Present Continuous	Right now, Sally is cleaning the floor.	Right now, the floor is being cleaned by Sally.
Simple Past	Samadi repaired the radio.	The radio was repaired by Samadi.
Past Continuous	The security was helping the customer when the thief came into the bank.	The customer was being helped by the security when the thief came into the bank.
Present Perfect	Many peoples have visited that cemetery.	That cemetery has been visited by many peoples.
Present Perfect Continuous	Recently, Joshua has been doing the job.	Recently, the job has been being done by Joshua.
Past Perfect	Gerry had repaired many computers before he received his license.	Many computers had been repaired by Gerry before he received his license.
Past Perfect Continuous	The Chef had been preparing the dinners for three years before he moved to Swiss.	The dinners had been being prepared by the Chef for three years before he moved to Swiss.
Simple Futurewill	Sam will finish the work by 7:00 PM.	The work will be finished by 7:00 PM.
Simple Futurebe going to	Sally is going to make a dinner tonight.	A dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuouswill	At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh will be cleaning the desk.	At 9:00 PM tonight, the desk will be being cleaned by Josh.
Future Continuous be going to	At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh going to be cleaning the desk.	At 9:00 PM tonight, the desk are going to be being cleaned by Josh.
Future Perfectwill	Peoples will have completed the job before the deadline.	The job will have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfectbe going to	Peoples are going to have completed the job before the deadline.	The job is going to have been completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect Continuouswill	Andi will have been painting the building for over six months by the time it is finished.	The building will have been being painted by Andi for over six months by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect Continuous be going to	Andi is going to have been painting the building for over six months by the time it is finished.	The building is going to have been being painted by Andi for over six months by the time it is finished.
Used to	Jeremy used to close the window.	The window used to be closhed by Jeremy.
Would Always	My father would always make the telescope.	The telescope would always be made by my father.
Future in the Past Would	You knew Nathan would finish the job by 4:00 PM.	You knew the job would be finished by 4:00 PM.
Future in the Past Was Going to	We thought Sarah was going to make a dinner tonight.	We thought a dinner was going to be made by Sarah tonight.